Emergency in space
You have been hired to check the technical
correctness of a TV show where a space shuttle astronaut becomes stranded
during a space walk. The astronaut’s safety line has broken, and
her thruster pack has been damaged and no longer works. She is approximately
200 m from the shuttle and drifting away from it at about 1.5 m/s. She
estimates that she only has about 10 minutes of air remaining. To get back
to the shuttle, she decides to unstrap her 10-kg tool kit and throw it
away with all her strength, so that it has a speed of 7 m/s. Her mass,
including the space suit, is 80 kg. In the script, she survives,
but is this reasonable? Since none of the data values given in this
problem are exact (they all are reported to only one significant digit),
which ones are most critical in determining the fate of this astronaut?